{"id":40945,"date":"2020-01-05T08:02:41","date_gmt":"2020-01-05T08:02:41","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/?p=40945"},"modified":"2026-11-08T00:21:35","modified_gmt":"2026-11-08T00:21:35","slug":"iran-world-heritage-sites","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/iran-world-heritage-sites\/","title":{"rendered":"Iran World Heritage Sites Listed by UNESCO"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Iran has <strong>30 UNESCO World Heritage properties<\/strong>: 28 cultural and two natural, according to the <a href=\"https:\/\/whc.unesco.org\/en\/statesparties\/ir\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">World Heritage Centre\u2019s country list<\/a> as of November 2026. They range from prehistoric cave sites to the Achaemenid terraces at <a href=\"https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/persepolis\/\">Persepolis<\/a> and the centuries of mosque building visible at <a href=\"https:\/\/whc.unesco.org\/en\/list\/1397\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Isfahan\u2019s Friday Mosque<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The two natural properties protect contrasting landscapes: wind-carved ridges and dune fields in the Lut Desert, and broadleaf forests along the Caspian in the <a href=\"https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/irans-hyrcanian-forests-inscribed-on-unescos-world-heritage-list\/\">Hyrcanian Forests<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The table gives inscription years and locations. Some entries cover multiple places: the <a data-wpil=\"url\" href=\"https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/persian-qanat\/\">Persian Qanat<\/a>, for example, groups underground water systems across several provinces. Bam has its own inscription, which includes the fortified town and its oasis landscape.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:50px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:50px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>List Of UNESCO World Heritage Sites In Iran<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><thead><tr><th><strong>No<\/strong><\/th><th><strong>Site<\/strong><\/th><th><strong>Year<\/strong><\/th><th><strong>Location<\/strong><\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>1<\/td><td>Armenian Monastic Ensembles of Iran<\/td><td>2008<\/td><td>West Azerbaijan<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>2<\/td><td>Bam and its Cultural Landscape<\/td><td>2004<\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/kerman-travel-guide\/\">Kerman<\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>3<\/td><td>Bisotun<\/td><td>2006<\/td><td><a class=\"wpil_keyword_link\" href=\"https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/kermanshah-travel-guide\/\" title=\"Kermanshah\" data-wpil-keyword-link=\"linked\">Kermanshah<\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>4<\/td><td>Cultural Landscape of Maymand<\/td><td>2015<\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/kerman-travel-guide\/\">Kerman<\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>5<\/td><td>Cultural Landscape of Hawraman\/Uramanat<\/td><td>2021<\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/kurdistan-travel-guide\/\">Kurdistan<\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>6<\/td><td>Gonbad-e Q\u0101bus<\/td><td>2012<\/td><td><a class=\"wpil_keyword_link\" href=\"https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/golestan-the-gem-of-iran\/\" title=\"Golestan Province: The Magnificent Hidden Gem of Iran\" data-wpil-keyword-link=\"linked\" data-wpil-monitor-id=\"211702\">Golestan<\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>7<\/td><td><a class=\"wpil_keyword_link\" href=\"https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/golestan-palace\/\" title=\"Golestan Palace Through the Eyes of Italian Educators\" data-wpil-keyword-link=\"linked\" data-wpil-monitor-id=\"4164\">Golestan Palace<\/a><\/td><td>2013<\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/tehran-travel-guide\/\" title=\"Tehran\">Tehran<\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>8<\/td><td><a class=\"wpil_keyword_link\" href=\"https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/iran-lut-desert\/\" title=\"Explore the Lut Desert: A Guide to Iran\u2019s Natural Wonder\" data-wpil-keyword-link=\"linked\" data-wpil-monitor-id=\"212419\">Lut Desert<\/a> (Natural)<\/td><td>2016<\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/kerman-travel-guide\/\">Kerman<\/a> and <a class=\"wpil_keyword_link\" href=\"https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/destinations\/sistan-and-baluchestan\/\" title=\"Sistan and Baluchestan\" data-wpil-keyword-link=\"linked\" data-wpil-monitor-id=\"212995\">Sistan<\/a> and Baluchestan<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>9<\/td><td>Sassanid Archaeological Landscape<\/td><td>2018<\/td><td>Fars (Bishabpur, Firouzabad, Sarvestan)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>10<\/td><td>Masjed-e J\u0101m\u00e9 of Isfahan<\/td><td>2012<\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/isfahan-travel-guide\/\">Isfahan<\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>11<\/td><td><a class=\"wpil_keyword_link\" href=\"https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/naqsh-ejahan-square\/\" title=\"Naqsh-e Jahan Square\" data-wpil-keyword-link=\"linked\" data-wpil-monitor-id=\"55\">Naqsh-e Jahan Square<\/a><\/td><td>1979<\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/isfahan-travel-guide\/\">Isfahan<\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>12<\/td><td>Pasargadae<\/td><td>2004<\/td><td>Fars<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>13<\/td><td>Persepolis<\/td><td>1979<\/td><td>Fars<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>14<\/td><td><a class=\"wpil_keyword_link\" href=\"https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/shahr-e-sukhteh-iran\/\" title=\"Shahr-e Sukhteh: Iran\u2019s Mysterious Burnt Civilization\" data-wpil-keyword-link=\"linked\" data-wpil-monitor-id=\"211692\">Shahr-e Sukhteh<\/a><\/td><td>2014<\/td><td>Sistan and Baluchestan<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>15<\/td><td>Sheikh <a class=\"wpil_keyword_link\" href=\"https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/sheikh-safi-shrine\/\" title=\"Sheikh Safi Khanegah and Shrine Ensemble in Ardabil\" data-wpil-keyword-link=\"linked\" data-wpil-monitor-id=\"4169\">Safi al-din<\/a> Kh\u0101neg\u0101h and Shrine Ensemble<\/td><td>2010<\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/ardabil-travel-guide\/\">Ardabil<\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>16<\/td><td><a class=\"wpil_keyword_link\" href=\"https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/shushtar-historical-hydraulic-systems\/\" title=\"Shushtar Historical Hydraulic System: A Masterpiece of Engineering\" data-wpil-keyword-link=\"linked\" data-wpil-monitor-id=\"4166\">Shushtar Historical Hydraulic System<\/a><\/td><td>2009<\/td><td><a class=\"wpil_keyword_link\" href=\"https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/khuzestan-travel-guide\/\" title=\"Khuzestan\" data-wpil-keyword-link=\"linked\">Khuzestan<\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>17<\/td><td>Soltaniyeh<\/td><td>2005<\/td><td><a class=\"wpil_keyword_link\" href=\"https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/zanjan-travel-guide\/\" title=\"Zanjan\" data-wpil-keyword-link=\"linked\">Zanjan<\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>18<\/td><td>Susa<\/td><td>2015<\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/khuzestan-travel-guide\/\">Khuzestan<\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>19<\/td><td><a class=\"wpil_keyword_link\" href=\"https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/tabriz-historic-bazaar\/\" title=\"Tabriz Historic Bazaar Complex\" data-wpil-keyword-link=\"linked\" data-wpil-monitor-id=\"31\">Tabriz Historic Bazaar Complex<\/a><\/td><td>2010<\/td><td>East Azerbaijan<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>20<\/td><td><a class=\"wpil_keyword_link\" href=\"https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/takht-e-soleyman-royal-architectural\/\" title=\"Takht-e Soleyman \u2013 An Outstanding Ensemble Of Royal Architectural\" data-wpil-keyword-link=\"linked\" data-wpil-monitor-id=\"211699\">Takht-e Soleyman<\/a><\/td><td>2003<\/td><td>West Azerbaijan<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>21<\/td><td><a class=\"wpil_keyword_link\" href=\"https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/haft-tappeh-archaeological-site\/\" title=\"Haft Tappeh Archaeological Site: All You Need to Know\" data-wpil-keyword-link=\"linked\" data-wpil-monitor-id=\"4175\">Tchogha Zanbil<\/a><\/td><td>1979<\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/khuzestan-travel-guide\/\">Khuzestan<\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>22<\/td><td><a class=\"wpil_keyword_link\" href=\"https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/persian-garden\/\" title=\"Persian Gardens: Discover 9 Iranian Gardens Listed by UNESCO\" data-wpil-keyword-link=\"linked\" data-wpil-monitor-id=\"210906\">The Persian Garden<\/a><\/td><td>2011<\/td><td>Fars, <a href=\"https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/kerman-travel-guide\/\">Kerman<\/a>, Razavi Khorasan, <a href=\"https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/yazd-travel-guide\/\">Yazd<\/a>, Mazandaran, and <a href=\"https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/isfahan-travel-guide\/\">Isfahan<\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>23<\/td><td>Trans-Iranian Railway<\/td><td>2021<\/td><td>Mazandaran, <a class=\"wpil_keyword_link\" href=\"https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/does-iran-stamp-your-passport\/\" title=\"Does Iran Stamp Your Passport?\" data-wpil-keyword-link=\"linked\" data-wpil-monitor-id=\"211694\">Tehran<\/a> and Khuzestan<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>24<\/td><td>Persian Qanat<\/td><td>2016<\/td><td>Razavi Khorasan, South Khorasan, <a href=\"https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/yazd-travel-guide\/\">Yazd<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/kerman-travel-guide\/\">Kerman<\/a>, Markazi and <a href=\"https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/isfahan-travel-guide\/\">Isfahan<\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>25<\/td><td><a class=\"wpil_keyword_link\" href=\"https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/yazd-old-city\/\" title=\"Discover Yazd Old City\" data-wpil-keyword-link=\"linked\" data-wpil-monitor-id=\"4204\">Historic City of Yazd<\/a><\/td><td>2017<\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/yazd-travel-guide\/\">Yazd<\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>26<\/td><td>Hyrcanian Forests (Natural)<\/td><td>2019<\/td><td>Golestan, Mazandaran and <a class=\"wpil_keyword_link\" href=\"https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/gilan-travel-guide\/\" title=\"Gilan\" data-wpil-keyword-link=\"linked\">Gilan<\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>27<\/td><td>Persian Caravanserai<\/td><td>2023<\/td><td>Various locations<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>28<\/td><td><a class=\"wpil_keyword_link\" href=\"https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/iran-travel-2026\/\" title=\"Between Hope and Despair \u2013 Iran Tourism After the US Presidential Election\" data-wpil-keyword-link=\"linked\" data-wpil-monitor-id=\"212994\">Hegmataneh<\/a> (Ecbatana)<\/td><td>2024<\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/hamadan-travel-guide\/\">Hamedan<\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>29<\/td><td>The Prehistoric Sites of the Khorramabad Valley<\/td><td>2025<\/td><td>Khorramabad  in <a href=\"https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/lorestan-travel-guide\/\" data-type=\"post\" data-id=\"72450\">Lorestan<\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>30<\/td><td>Alam\u016bt Castle and Related Fortifications<\/td><td>2026<\/td><td>Qazvin<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">List Of World Heritage Sites In Iran<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:50px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"1-armenian-monastic-ensembles-of-iran\" class=\"index-title\"><\/div><div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_89 counter-flat ez-toc-counter ez-toc-custom ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Contents<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"#\" data-href=\"https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/iran-world-heritage-sites\/#1-armenian-monastic-ensembles-of-iran\" >1. Armenian Monastic Ensembles of&nbsp;Iran<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"#\" data-href=\"https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/iran-world-heritage-sites\/#2-bam-and-its-cultural-landscape\" >2. Bam and its Cultural Landscape<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"#\" data-href=\"https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/iran-world-heritage-sites\/#3-bisotun\" >3. Bisotun<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"#\" data-href=\"https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/iran-world-heritage-sites\/#4-cultural-landscape-of-maymand\" >4. Cultural Landscape of&nbsp;Maymand<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"#\" data-href=\"https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/iran-world-heritage-sites\/#5-golestan-palace\" >5. Golestan Palace<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"#\" data-href=\"https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/iran-world-heritage-sites\/#6-gonbad-e-qabus\" >6. Gonbad-e Q\u0101bus<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"#\" data-href=\"https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/iran-world-heritage-sites\/#7-historic-city-of-yazd\" >7. Historic City of&nbsp;Yazd<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"#\" data-href=\"https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/iran-world-heritage-sites\/#8-masjed-e-jame-of-isfahan\" >8. Masjed-e J\u0101m\u00e9 of&nbsp;Isfahan<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"#\" data-href=\"https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/iran-world-heritage-sites\/#9-meidan-emam-esfahan\" >9. Meidan Emam,&nbsp;Esfahan<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"#\" data-href=\"https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/iran-world-heritage-sites\/#10-pasargadae\" >10. Pasargadae<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-11\" href=\"#\" data-href=\"https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/iran-world-heritage-sites\/#11-persepolis\" >11. Persepolis<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-12\" href=\"#\" data-href=\"https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/iran-world-heritage-sites\/#12-sassanid-archaeological-landscape-of-fars-region\" >12. Sassanid Archaeological Landscape of Fars&nbsp;Region<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-13\" href=\"#\" data-href=\"https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/iran-world-heritage-sites\/#13-shahr-e-sokhta\" >13. Shahr-e Sokhta<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-14\" href=\"#\" data-href=\"https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/iran-world-heritage-sites\/#14-sheikh-safi-al-din-khanegah-and-shrine-ensemble-in-ardabil\" >14. Sheikh Safi al-din Kh\u0101neg\u0101h and Shrine Ensemble in&nbsp;Ardabil<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-15\" href=\"#\" data-href=\"https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/iran-world-heritage-sites\/#15-shushtar-historical-hydraulic-system\" >15. Shushtar Historical Hydraulic System<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-16\" href=\"#\" data-href=\"https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/iran-world-heritage-sites\/#16-soltaniyeh\" >16. Soltaniyeh<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-17\" href=\"#\" data-href=\"https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/iran-world-heritage-sites\/#17-susa\" >17. Susa<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-18\" href=\"#\" data-href=\"https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/iran-world-heritage-sites\/#18-tabriz-historic-bazaar-complex\" >18. Tabriz Historic Bazaar&nbsp;Complex<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-19\" href=\"#\" data-href=\"https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/iran-world-heritage-sites\/#19-takht-e-soleyman\" >19. Takht-e Soleyman<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-20\" href=\"#\" data-href=\"https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/iran-world-heritage-sites\/#20-tchogha-zanbil\" >20. Tchogha Zanbil<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-21\" href=\"#\" data-href=\"https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/iran-world-heritage-sites\/#21-the-persian-garden\" >21. The Persian&nbsp;Garden<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-22\" href=\"#\" data-href=\"https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/iran-world-heritage-sites\/#22-the-persian-qanat\" >22. The Persian&nbsp;Qanat<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-23\" href=\"#\" data-href=\"https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/iran-world-heritage-sites\/#23-trans-iranian-railway\" >23. Trans-Iranian Railway<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-24\" href=\"#\" data-href=\"https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/iran-world-heritage-sites\/#24-cultural-landscape-of-hawraman-uramanat\" >24. Cultural Landscape of Hawraman (Uramanat)<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-25\" href=\"#\" data-href=\"https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/iran-world-heritage-sites\/#25-persian-caravanserai\" >25. Persian Caravanserai<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-26\" href=\"#\" data-href=\"https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/iran-world-heritage-sites\/#26-lut-desert\" >26. Lut Desert<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-27\" href=\"#\" data-href=\"https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/iran-world-heritage-sites\/#27-caspian-hyrcanian-mixed-forests\" >27. Caspian Hyrcanian Mixed&nbsp;Forests<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-28\" href=\"#\" data-href=\"https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/iran-world-heritage-sites\/#28-hegmataneh-ecbatana\" >28. Hegmataneh (Ecbatana)<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-29\" href=\"#\" data-href=\"https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/iran-world-heritage-sites\/#29-the-prehistoric-sites-of-the-khorramabad-valley\" >29. The Prehistoric Sites of the Khorramabad Valley<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-30\" href=\"#\" data-href=\"https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/iran-world-heritage-sites\/#30-alamut-castle-and-related-fortifications\" >30. Alam\u016bt Castle and Related Fortifications<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-31\" href=\"#\" data-href=\"https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/iran-world-heritage-sites\/#tentative-list-of-iran-world-heritage-sites-unesco\" >Tentative List of Iran World Heritage Sites (UNESCO)<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-1-armenian-monastic-ensembles-of-nbsp-iran\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"1-armenian-monastic-ensembles-of-iran\"><\/span>1. Armenian Monastic Ensembles of&nbsp;Iran<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"336\" src=\"https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/image-42.jpeg\" alt=\"Image\" class=\"wp-image-56026\" style=\"aspect-ratio:2.380952380952381;width:840px;height:auto\" title=\"Iran World Heritage Sites Listed by UNESCO\" srcset=\"https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/image-42.jpeg 800w, https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/image-42-780x328.jpeg 780w, https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/image-42-768x323.jpeg 768w, https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/image-42-300x126.jpeg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Located in the north-west of Iran, the <strong>Armenian Monastic Ensembles<\/strong> are composed of three monastic ensembles that are significant to the Armenian Christian faith: St. Thaddeus, St. Stepanos, and the Chapel of Dzordzor. These structures are excellent examples of the Armenian architectural and decorative traditions, with St. Thaddeus dating back to the 7th century. They represent exceptional universal value and bear witness to crucial exchanges with other regional cultures, notably the Byzantine, Orthodox, and Persian.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Situated on the south-eastern edge of the <strong>primary area of Armenian cultural influence<\/strong>, the monasteries were once a major hub for disseminating this culture in the region. They are the last remaining regional relics of this culture that remain in a good state of integrity and authenticity.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Moreover, as places of pilgrimage, the monastic ensembles serve as living witnesses of Armenian religious traditions throughout the centuries.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:50px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"2-bam-and-its-cultural-landscape\" class=\"index-title\"><\/div><h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-2-bam-and-its-cultural-landscape\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"2-bam-and-its-cultural-landscape\"><\/span>2. Bam and its Cultural Landscape<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"336\" src=\"https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/image-43.jpeg\" alt=\"Image\" class=\"wp-image-56027\" title=\"Iran World Heritage Sites Listed by UNESCO\" srcset=\"https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/image-43.jpeg 800w, https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/image-43-780x328.jpeg 780w, https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/image-43-768x323.jpeg 768w, https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/image-43-300x126.jpeg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Bam is located in a desert environment on the southern periphery of the Iranian high plateau. Its origins can be traced back to the Achaemenid era (6th to 4th centuries BC). The city experienced its peak from the 7th to 11th centuries, as it was a crucial point in the intersection of significant trade routes and known for its production of silk and cotton garments.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The existence of life in the oasis was reliant on the underground irrigation canals, known as qanats, of which Bam has some of the oldest surviving examples in Iran. <a href=\"https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/arg-bam\/\"><strong>Arg-e Bam<\/strong><\/a> is the most prominent representation of a fortified medieval town constructed using vernacular techniques and mud layers (Chineh).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:50px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"3-bisotun\" class=\"index-title\"><\/div><h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-3-bisotun\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"3-bisotun\"><\/span>3. Bisotun<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"430\" src=\"https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/Bisotun-Relief-SURFIRAN-1024x430.jpg\" alt=\"Bisotun Relief SURFIRAN\" class=\"wp-image-41008\" title=\"Bisotun Relief SURFIRAN\" srcset=\"https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/Bisotun-Relief-SURFIRAN-1024x430.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/Bisotun-Relief-SURFIRAN-780x328.jpg 780w, https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/Bisotun-Relief-SURFIRAN-768x323.jpg 768w, https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/Bisotun-Relief-SURFIRAN-300x126.jpg 300w, https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/Bisotun-Relief-SURFIRAN.jpg 1500w, https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/Bisotun-Relief-SURFIRAN-705x296.jpg 705w, https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/Bisotun-Relief-SURFIRAN-450x189.jpg 450w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Bisotun <\/strong>is situated along the ancient trade route that connected the Iranian high plateau with <a class=\"wpil_keyword_link\" href=\"https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/mesopotamia\/\" title=\"Mesopotamia and Iranians: A Tale of Cultural Interactions\" data-wpil-keyword-link=\"linked\" data-wpil-monitor-id=\"730\">Mesopotamia<\/a>, showcasing remnants from prehistoric to Median, <strong>Achaemenid, Sassanian<\/strong>, and <strong>Ilkhanid <\/strong>periods. The site\u2019s primary monument is the bas-relief and cuneiform inscription commissioned by Darius I, The Great, after ascending to the Persian Empire throne in 521 BC.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The bas-relief portrays Darius holding a bow, symbolizing sovereignty, and stepping on the chest of a figure lying on his back in front of him, believed to be Gaumata, the Median Magus and pretender to the throne whose assassination led to Darius\u2019s rise to power. Surrounding the bas-reliefs are roughly 1,200 lines of inscriptions describing <strong>Darius\u2019s battles in 521\u2013520 BC<\/strong> against the governors who attempted to dismantle the Empire founded by Cyrus.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The inscription is written in three languages, with the <strong>oldest being an Elamite text<\/strong> describing legends of the king and rebellions, followed by a Babylonian version of similar legends. The last phase of the inscription is particularly significant, as it introduces for the first time the Old Persian version of Darius\u2019s res gestae (deeds done). This is the only known monumental text of the Achaemenids that documents the restoration of the <strong>Empire by Darius<\/strong> I and shows the exchange of influences in the development of monumental art and writing in the Persian Empire region. Bisotun also contains remains from the Median period (8th to 7th centuries BC), as well as from the Achaemenid (6th to 4th centuries BC) and post-Achaemenid periods.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:50px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"4-cultural-landscape-of-maymand\" class=\"index-title\"><\/div><h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-4-cultural-landscape-of-nbsp-maymand\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"4-cultural-landscape-of-maymand\"><\/span>4. Cultural Landscape of&nbsp;Maymand<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"336\" src=\"https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/image-45.jpeg\" alt=\"Image\" class=\"wp-image-56030\" title=\"Iran World Heritage Sites Listed by UNESCO\" srcset=\"https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/image-45.jpeg 800w, https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/image-45-780x328.jpeg 780w, https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/image-45-768x323.jpeg 768w, https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/image-45-300x126.jpeg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/meymand-iranian-rocky-village\/\">Maymand<\/a> <\/strong>is a unique and self-sustaining cultural landscape located at the southern end of Iran\u2019s central mountains. It is a semi-arid area situated at the end of a valley, and its inhabitants are semi-nomadic agro-pastoralists who practice a way of life that has been passed down for generations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The villagers raise their animals on mountain pastures, and during the winter months, they move down the valley to live in <strong>cave dwellings<\/strong> that are carved out of the soft rock (kamar), an extraordinary form of housing in a dry and desert environment.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">This cultural system exemplifies a lifestyle that appears to have been more widespread in the past and is based on the movement of people rather than animals.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:50px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"5-golestan-palace\" class=\"index-title\"><\/div><h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-5-golestan-palace\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"5-golestan-palace\"><\/span>5. Golestan Palace<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"336\" src=\"https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/image-46.jpeg\" alt=\"Image\" class=\"wp-image-56031\" title=\"Iran World Heritage Sites Listed by UNESCO\" srcset=\"https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/image-46.jpeg 800w, https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/image-46-780x328.jpeg 780w, https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/image-46-768x323.jpeg 768w, https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/image-46-300x126.jpeg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/golestan-palace\/\">The Golestan Palace<\/a><\/strong> in Tehran is a stunning example of Qajar-era architecture, blending traditional Persian crafts with Western influences. The Palace complex, which is one of the oldest in Tehran, served as the seat of government for the <a class=\"wpil_keyword_link\" href=\"https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/qajar-dynasty\/\" title=\"The Qajar Dynasty: Transition to Modernity in Iran\" data-wpil-keyword-link=\"linked\" data-wpil-monitor-id=\"211704\">Qajar<\/a> family, who rose to power in 1779 and made Tehran the capital of Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The Palace is surrounded by a beautiful garden featuring pools and landscaped areas, and its rich decorations and distinctive features were added during the 19th century. <strong>The Palace became a hub of Qajari arts<\/strong> and architecture and continues to inspire Iranian artists and architects to this day. The Palace\u2019s style incorporates <strong>elements of traditional Persian arts<\/strong> and crafts with 18th-century architecture and technology, making it a masterpiece of its time.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:50px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"6-gonbad-e-qabus\" class=\"index-title\"><\/div><h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-6-gonbad-e-qabus\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"6-gonbad-e-qabus\"><\/span>6. Gonbad-e Q\u0101bus<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"378\" src=\"https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/image-47.jpeg\" alt=\"Image\" class=\"wp-image-56032\" title=\"Iran World Heritage Sites Listed by UNESCO\" srcset=\"https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/image-47.jpeg 800w, https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/image-47-780x369.jpeg 780w, https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/image-47-768x363.jpeg 768w, https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/image-47-300x142.jpeg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>The Gonbad-e Q\u0101bus<\/strong> monument is a testament to the cultural exchange between Central Asia and the ancient civilization of Iran. It was built in AD 1006 for Q\u0101bus Ibn Voshmgir, the ruler of the Ziyarid dynasty, near the ruins of the ancient city of Jorjan in northeastern Iran. The tower is the only remaining evidence of Jorjan, a former center of arts and science that was destroyed during the Mongols\u2019 invasion in the 14th and 15th centuries.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The monument is a remarkable example of Islamic architecture and stands at a height of 53 meters. It is an outstanding and technologically innovative example of Islamic architecture that influenced sacral building in Iran, Anatolia, and Central Asia. The monument is built of unglazed fired bricks, and its intricate geometric forms constitute a tapering cylinder with a diameter of 17\u201315.5 meters, topped by a conical brick roof. It illustrates the development of mathematics and science in the Muslim world at the turn of the first millennium AD.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:50px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"7-historic-city-of-yazd\" class=\"index-title\"><\/div><h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-7-historic-city-of-nbsp-yazd\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"7-historic-city-of-yazd\"><\/span>7. Historic City of&nbsp;Yazd<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"336\" src=\"https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/image-48.jpeg\" alt=\"Image\" class=\"wp-image-56033\" title=\"Iran World Heritage Sites Listed by UNESCO\" srcset=\"https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/image-48.jpeg 800w, https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/image-48-780x328.jpeg 780w, https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/image-48-768x323.jpeg 768w, https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/image-48-300x126.jpeg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The City of Yazd in Iran is a remarkable example of human adaptation to the harsh desert environment. Its unique earthen architecture and the ingenious qanat system for water supply are remarkable features that have allowed the city to thrive for centuries.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The city has been able to preserve its traditional districts, buildings, and cultural heritage, including places of worship for different religions. The historic garden of Dolat-Abad is a beautiful example of traditional Persian gardens, reflecting the art of gardening in Iran. The city is an outstanding testimony to the history of human civilization and the challenges of living in a desert environment.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:50px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"8-masjed-e-jame-of-isfahan\" class=\"index-title\"><\/div><h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-8-masjed-e-jame-of-nbsp-isfahan\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"8-masjed-e-jame-of-isfahan\"><\/span>8. Masjed-e J\u0101m\u00e9 of&nbsp;Isfahan<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"336\" src=\"https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/image-49.jpeg\" alt=\"Image\" class=\"wp-image-56034\" title=\"Iran World Heritage Sites Listed by UNESCO\" srcset=\"https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/image-49.jpeg 800w, https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/image-49-780x328.jpeg 780w, https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/image-49-768x323.jpeg 768w, https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/image-49-300x126.jpeg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Masjed-e J\u0101m\u00e9 is Isfahan\u2019s Friday mosque, a complex whose buildings and decoration span twelve centuries. Successive builders enlarged and altered an earlier mosque, leaving a record of changing architectural styles rather than a monument constructed in one campaign.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The Seljuq expansions established the four-iwan arrangement around the courtyard and added two major domes. An <em>iwan<\/em> is a vaulted hall open on one side. Four iwans facing a single courtyard are different from four separate courtyards. UNESCO highlights the Nezam al-Molk dome\u2019s double-shell ribbed construction and the influence of the mosque\u2019s courtyard plan on later Islamic architecture. Its <a href=\"https:\/\/whc.unesco.org\/en\/list\/1397\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">World Heritage listing<\/a> explains the contributions visible within the complex.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:50px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"9-meidan-emam-esfahan\" class=\"index-title\"><\/div><h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-9-meidan-emam-nbsp-esfahan\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"9-meidan-emam-esfahan\"><\/span>9. Meidan Emam,&nbsp;Esfahan<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"336\" src=\"https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/image-50.jpeg\" alt=\"Image\" class=\"wp-image-56035\" title=\"Iran World Heritage Sites Listed by UNESCO\" srcset=\"https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/image-50.jpeg 800w, https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/image-50-780x328.jpeg 780w, https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/image-50-768x323.jpeg 768w, https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/image-50-300x126.jpeg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Naqsh-e Jahan Square is one of the largest public squares in the world and was built during the reign of Shah Abbas I the Great in the early 17th century. The Royal Mosque, also known as the Imam Mosque, is located on the south side of the square and is one of the finest examples of Islamic architecture in the world.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The Sheikh Lotfollah Mosque faces the square from the east. To the north, the <strong>Qaysariyyeh gateway<\/strong> leads into Isfahan Bazaar. The arcades around the square connect these religious and commercial buildings with the royal precinct on the west.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">On the west side of the square stands <a class=\"wpil_keyword_link\" href=\"https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/aali-qapu-palace\/\" title=\"Aali Qapu Palace in Isfahan\" data-wpil-keyword-link=\"linked\" data-wpil-monitor-id=\"209627\">Ali Qapu<\/a>, the Safavid palace gateway overlooking the square. It faces the Sheikh Lotfollah Mosque across the square.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:50px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"10-pasargadae\" class=\"index-title\"><\/div><h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-10-pasargadae\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"10-pasargadae\"><\/span>10. Pasargadae<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"336\" src=\"https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/image-51.jpeg\" alt=\"Image\" class=\"wp-image-56036\" title=\"Iran World Heritage Sites Listed by UNESCO\" srcset=\"https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/image-51.jpeg 800w, https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/image-51-780x328.jpeg 780w, https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/image-51-768x323.jpeg 768w, https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/image-51-300x126.jpeg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/pasargadae\/\">Pasargadae<\/a> was the first dynastic capital of the <a href=\"https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/achaemenid-empire\/\">Achaemenid Empire<\/a>, founded by Cyrus the Great in the sixth century BCE. Its surviving palaces, garden channels and tomb show an early stage of Achaemenid royal architecture.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The 160-hectare inscribed property includes Cyrus\u2019s limestone tomb, the fortified platform of Tall-e Takht and a royal ensemble of gateways, audience and residential palaces, and gardens. The ancient city extended beyond the World Heritage boundaries.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The <a href=\"https:\/\/whc.unesco.org\/en\/list\/1106\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">UNESCO statement<\/a> explains the contribution of different peoples to the capital\u2019s architecture. Its garden plan, with spaces divided by channels or paths, became a model for later Persian gardens. The surviving foundations and channels help explain how palaces and gardens were planned together.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:50px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"11-persepolis\" class=\"index-title\"><\/div><h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-11-persepolis\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"11-persepolis\"><\/span>11. Persepolis<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"336\" src=\"https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/image-52.jpeg\" alt=\"Image\" class=\"wp-image-56037\" title=\"Iran World Heritage Sites Listed by UNESCO\" srcset=\"https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/image-52.jpeg 800w, https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/image-52-780x328.jpeg 780w, https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/image-52-768x323.jpeg 768w, https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/image-52-300x126.jpeg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Persepolis, located in present-day Iran, was the magnificent capital of the Achaemenid Empire, one of the most powerful empires of the ancient world. Built by Darius I in 518 B.C., it served as a center of government and ceremonial activities for over two centuries.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The city was known for its grand palaces, impressive public buildings, and magnificent art and architecture. Today, the ruins of Persepolis remain as a testament to the power, wealth, and cultural sophistication of the Achaemenid Empire, and attract visitors from around the world.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The extensive use of symbolism and artistic representations, such as the famous reliefs, demonstrate the cosmopolitan nature of the Achaemenid Empire and the artistic and cultural exchange between different regions and civilizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Unfortunately, the grandeur of Persepolis was short-lived. The city was burned and destroyed by Alexander the Great in 330 B.C., marking the end of the Achaemenid Empire. Today, the site is a reminder of the grandeur and cultural achievements of ancient Persia and a testament to the importance of preserving our shared human heritage.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:50px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"12-sassanid-archaeological-landscape-of-fars-region\" class=\"index-title\"><\/div><h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-12-sassanid-archaeological-landscape-of-fars-nbsp-region\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"12-sassanid-archaeological-landscape-of-fars-region\"><\/span>12. Sassanid Archaeological Landscape of Fars&nbsp;Region<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"336\" src=\"https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/image-53.jpeg\" alt=\"Image\" class=\"wp-image-56038\" title=\"Iran World Heritage Sites Listed by UNESCO\" srcset=\"https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/image-53.jpeg 800w, https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/image-53-780x328.jpeg 780w, https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/image-53-768x323.jpeg 768w, https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/image-53-300x126.jpeg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The Sassanid Archaeological Landscape in Fars Province, encompassing the sites of Bishapur, Firouzabad, and Sarvestan, is a unique testimony to the architectural and cultural achievements of the Sassanian Empire.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The <a href=\"https:\/\/whc.unesco.org\/en\/list\/1568\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">serial property<\/a> comprises eight selected components around Firuzabad, Bishapur and Sarvestan. They include fortifications, palaces, reliefs and city remains. UNESCO\u2019s Statement of Outstanding Universal Value dates the Sassanian Empire to 224\u2013651 CE and identifies the Sarvestan monument as Early Islamic, illustrating the transition between periods.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The sites include the capital city founded by the dynasty\u2019s founder, Ardashir Papakan, as well as the city and architectural structures built by his successor, Shapur I.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The cities and defensive works make use of the surrounding terrain. Their architecture draws on Achaemenid and Parthian traditions and exchanges with Roman art. These Sassanian developments, in turn, influenced later Islamic architecture.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">As a whole, the Sassanid Archaeological Landscape is a remarkable representation of the diverse cultural influences that have shaped the region over the centuries. It was inscribed as a UNESCO World Heritage site in recognition of its outstanding universal value.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:50px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"13-shahr-e-sokhta\" class=\"index-title\"><\/div><h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-13-shahr-e-sokhta\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"13-shahr-e-sokhta\"><\/span>13. Shahr-e Sokhta<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"336\" src=\"https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/image-54.jpeg\" alt=\"Image\" class=\"wp-image-56039\" title=\"Iran World Heritage Sites Listed by UNESCO\" srcset=\"https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/image-54.jpeg 800w, https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/image-54-780x328.jpeg 780w, https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/image-54-768x323.jpeg 768w, https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/image-54-300x126.jpeg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Located at the crossroads of ancient trade routes in eastern Iran, Shahr-i Sokhta is a testament to the emergence of the first complex societies in the region.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The mud-brick city dates back to 3200 BCE and was occupied during four major periods until 1800 BCE. The city includes several distinct areas, including a monumental zone, residential areas, industrial zones, and a graveyard.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The site provides valuable insights into the development of urbanism, technology, and social organization during the Bronze Age in Iran. Shahr-i Sokhta is an exceptional example of the early phase of urbanization in the region and its importance is recognized by its inclusion in the UNESCO World Heritage list.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:50px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"14-sheikh-safi-al-din-khanegah-and-shrine-ensemble-in-ardabil\" class=\"index-title\"><\/div><h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-14-sheikh-safi-al-din-khanegah-and-shrine-ensemble-in-nbsp-ardabil\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"14-sheikh-safi-al-din-khanegah-and-shrine-ensemble-in-ardabil\"><\/span>14. Sheikh Safi al-din Kh\u0101neg\u0101h and Shrine Ensemble in&nbsp;Ardabil<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"336\" src=\"https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/image-55.jpeg\" alt=\"Image\" class=\"wp-image-56040\" title=\"Iran World Heritage Sites Listed by UNESCO\" srcset=\"https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/image-55.jpeg 800w, https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/image-55-780x328.jpeg 780w, https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/image-55-768x323.jpeg 768w, https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/image-55-300x126.jpeg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The shrine ensemble in <a href=\"https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/ardabil-travel-guide\/\">Ardabil<\/a> developed around Sheikh Safi al-Din\u2019s Sufi foundation. Its buildings and works of art span the fourteenth to eighteenth centuries. Safavid patronage enlarged the complex; its history is broader than a single sixteenth-century building campaign.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The ensemble brought religious, educational and everyday functions together: mausolea, a mosque, a library, a school, kitchens, a bakery and other service spaces. The route towards the sheikh\u2019s shrine symbolically follows seven stages of Sufi mysticism through a sequence of spaces and gates.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Tilework, calligraphy and decorated interiors connect the buildings into a place of pilgrimage. The <a href=\"https:\/\/whc.unesco.org\/en\/list\/1345\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">UNESCO listing<\/a> explains how this combination of architecture, objects and spiritual associations gives the ensemble its significance.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:50px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"15-shushtar-historical-hydraulic-system\" class=\"index-title\"><\/div><h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-15-shushtar-historical-hydraulic-system\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"15-shushtar-historical-hydraulic-system\"><\/span>15. Shushtar Historical Hydraulic System<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"336\" src=\"https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/image-56.jpeg\" alt=\"Image\" class=\"wp-image-56041\" title=\"Iran World Heritage Sites Listed by UNESCO\" srcset=\"https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/image-56.jpeg 800w, https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/image-56-780x328.jpeg 780w, https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/image-56-768x323.jpeg 768w, https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/image-56-300x126.jpeg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/shushtar-historical-hydraulic-system\/\">Shushtar\u2019s water-management network<\/a> developed over centuries. UNESCO dates the integrated system in its present form to the third century CE, probably incorporating works from the fifth century BCE. It should not be read as a complete complex built at a single moment under Darius I.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Diversion canals on the Karun River direct water through tunnels towards mills, the town and irrigated land. The Gargar canal, bridge-dams, basins and Salasel Castle formed parts of a coordinated system, with uses that included water supply, agriculture, milling and defence.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The <a href=\"https:\/\/whc.unesco.org\/en\/list\/1315\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">World Heritage statement<\/a> describes a synthesis of earlier hydraulic knowledge and Roman engineering influence. It also distinguishes the survival of structures from their function: some elements are archaeological remains, while irrigation and water supply continue.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:50px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"16-soltaniyeh\" class=\"index-title\"><\/div><h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-16-soltaniyeh\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"16-soltaniyeh\"><\/span>16. Soltaniyeh<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"336\" src=\"https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/image-57.jpeg\" alt=\"Image\" class=\"wp-image-56042\" title=\"Iran World Heritage Sites Listed by UNESCO\" srcset=\"https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/image-57.jpeg 800w, https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/image-57-780x328.jpeg 780w, https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/image-57-768x323.jpeg 768w, https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/image-57-300x126.jpeg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The mausoleum of Oljaytu, located in the city of <a class=\"wpil_keyword_link\" href=\"https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/soltaniyeh-dome\/\" title=\"Soltaniyeh\" data-wpil-keyword-link=\"linked\">Soltaniyeh<\/a>, is an exceptional example of Persian architecture and a key monument in the development of Islamic architecture.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Constructed during the Ilkhanid dynasty in 1302\u201312, the octagonal building is topped with a 50-meter tall dome covered in turquoise-blue faience and surrounded by eight slender minarets.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">It is the earliest surviving example of the double-shelled dome in Iran and is a testament to the incredible skill and craftsmanship of its builders. The mausoleum\u2019s interior decoration is equally impressive, featuring intricate tile work and calligraphy. The combination of its magnificent architecture and exquisite decoration has led scholars to describe the building as anticipating the Taj Mahal. Soltaniyeh is located in the province of Zanjan and is a testament to the rich cultural and architectural heritage of Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:50px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"17-susa\" class=\"index-title\"><\/div><h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-17-susa\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"17-susa\"><\/span>17. Susa<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"576\" src=\"https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/image-12-1024x576.jpg\" alt=\"Image\" class=\"wp-image-56054\" title=\"Iran World Heritage Sites Listed by UNESCO\" srcset=\"https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/image-12-1024x576.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/image-12-780x439.jpg 780w, https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/image-12-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/image-12-1536x864.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/image-12-390x220.jpg 390w, https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/image-12-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/image-12.jpg 1600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Susa<\/strong>, also known as <strong>Shush<\/strong>, is one of the oldest and most significant ancient cities in the world. It is located in the lower Zagros Mountains, in the southwest of Iran, and has a continuous history of urban settlement from the late 5th millennium BCE until the 13th century CE. Due to its historical and cultural significance, <a title=\"Susa\" href=\"https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/susa\/\">Susa<\/a> was listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 2015.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The archaeological mounds in Susa are a group of excavated architectural monuments that include administrative, residential, and palatial structures. The site bears exceptional testimony to the Elamite, Persian, and Parthian cultural traditions, which have largely disappeared. Susa contains several layers of superimposed urban settlements, each representing a different period in the city\u2019s long history.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Across the Shavur River from the main archaeological mounds are the remains of the Shaur Palace, attributed to the Achaemenid king <strong>Artaxerxes II<\/strong>. Archaeologist R\u00e9my Boucharlat identifies its builder through fragments of a trilingual inscription on column bases, while noting that the fragments were not found in their original positions. This is not a palace built under the Sassanian dynasty. See <a href=\"https:\/\/www.iranicaonline.org\/articles\/susa-iii-the-achaemenid-period\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Susa in the Achaemenid period<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a title=\"Susa\" href=\"https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/susa\/\">Susa<\/a> is also famous for its role in biblical history. The city is mentioned in the Old Testament, where it is referred to as Shushan or Susa, and it is believed to have been the capital of the Persian Empire during the time of Queen Esther. According to the Bible, Queen Esther saved the Jews from persecution by Haman, the Prime Minister of Persia, in Susa.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Apart from its historical significance, Susa is also known for its cultural heritage. The city has been home to several religions, including Zoroastrianism, Judaism, and Islam, and as a result, the city has a diverse cultural heritage. The city is also famous for its music and dance, which have been an important part of the local culture for centuries.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:50px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"18-tabriz-historic-bazaar-complex\" class=\"index-title\"><\/div><h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-18-tabriz-historic-bazaar-nbsp-complex\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"18-tabriz-historic-bazaar-complex\"><\/span>18. Tabriz Historic Bazaar&nbsp;Complex<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"336\" src=\"https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/image-59.jpeg\" alt=\"Image\" class=\"wp-image-56044\" title=\"Iran World Heritage Sites Listed by UNESCO\" srcset=\"https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/image-59.jpeg 800w, https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/image-59-780x328.jpeg 780w, https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/image-59-768x323.jpeg 768w, https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/image-59-300x126.jpeg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Tabriz Historic Bazaar is a large covered market in the city of Tabriz, Iran. It has been a hub of trade and cultural exchange for centuries and is now a UNESCO World Heritage Site. The bazaar is a complex of interconnected buildings, courtyards, and caravanserais that date back to the 13th century.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">It is known for its unique architecture, exquisite handmade crafts, and diverse range of goods including spices, <a href=\"https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/iranian-carpet\/\" title=\"carpets\">carpets<\/a>, and jewelry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The bazaar reflects the rich history of the Silk Road and the cultural exchange between East and West. Its inclusion in the UNESCO list is a recognition of its cultural and historical significance as well as its role as a living monument of Iranian commerce and craftsmanship.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:50px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"19-takht-e-soleyman\" class=\"index-title\"><\/div><h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-19-takht-e-soleyman\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"19-takht-e-soleyman\"><\/span>19. Takht-e Soleyman<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"336\" src=\"https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/image-60.jpeg\" alt=\"Image\" class=\"wp-image-56045\" title=\"Iran World Heritage Sites Listed by UNESCO\" srcset=\"https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/image-60.jpeg 800w, https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/image-60-780x328.jpeg 780w, https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/image-60-768x323.jpeg 768w, https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/image-60-300x126.jpeg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Takht-e Soleyman<\/strong> lies in West Azerbaijan, in a mountain landscape shaped by volcanic activity. The main archaeological complex stands on a fortified oval platform around an artesian lake.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The remains combine a Zoroastrian fire sanctuary with royal buildings of the <a href=\"https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/sasanian-empire\/\">Sasanian period<\/a>. A temple dedicated to Anahita, associated with water, forms part of this setting. Fire, water and royal patronage explain the site\u2019s religious and architectural significance.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The complex was destroyed towards the end of the Sasanian period, then revived and partly rebuilt in the thirteenth century. Its visible remains therefore reflect different phases of occupation rather than an unchanged sanctuary used continuously in the same way.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/whc.unesco.org\/en\/list\/1077\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">UNESCO inscribed Takht-e Soleyman in 2003<\/a>, recognising the relationship between the sanctuary, palace architecture and natural setting. The statement also notes the influence of its building forms and layout on later Islamic architecture.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:50px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"20-tchogha-zanbil\" class=\"index-title\"><\/div><h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-20-tchogha-zanbil\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"20-tchogha-zanbil\"><\/span>20. Tchogha Zanbil<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"336\" src=\"https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/image-61.jpeg\" alt=\"Image\" class=\"wp-image-56046\" title=\"Iran World Heritage Sites Listed by UNESCO\" srcset=\"https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/image-61.jpeg 800w, https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/image-61-780x328.jpeg 780w, https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/image-61-768x323.jpeg 768w, https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/image-61-300x126.jpeg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/chogha-zanbil-ziggurat\/\">Tchogha Zanbil<\/a>, or Dur-Untash, was founded by the <a href=\"https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/ancient-elam\/\">Elamite<\/a> king Untash-Napirisha in the thirteenth century BCE. Three concentric enclosure walls organised the sacred city, with residences and royal buildings outside the innermost precinct.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The city was never completed. UNESCO\u2019s archaeological synthesis describes its destruction by the Assyrian king Ashurbanipal around 640 BCE. The remains include temples, residences, tomb-palaces and reservoirs as well as the central ziggurat.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The ziggurat was dedicated to Inshushinak and Napirisha. Its mud-brick core was faced with baked bricks, some bearing cuneiform inscriptions in Elamite and Akkadian. It originally rose through five levels to a temple, reaching about 53 metres; the surviving structure is about 25 metres high. UNESCO identifies it as the <strong>largest ziggurat outside Mesopotamia<\/strong>, rather than the largest in the world.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The site was listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1979, recognizing its exceptional universal value as a unique testimony to the Elamite civilization and its technical and architectural achievements. The site offers a rare glimpse into the lives and beliefs of an ancient civilization that was once a dominant power in the Middle East.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The <a href=\"https:\/\/whc.unesco.org\/en\/list\/113\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">World Heritage listing<\/a> explains the relationship between the ziggurat, successive enclosures and royal quarter. Reading the site as a planned sacred city gives more context than viewing the stepped monument alone.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:50px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"21-the-persian-garden\" class=\"index-title\"><\/div><h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-21-the-persian-nbsp-garden\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"21-the-persian-garden\"><\/span>21. The Persian&nbsp;Garden<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"336\" src=\"https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/image-62.jpeg\" alt=\"Image\" class=\"wp-image-56047\" title=\"Iran World Heritage Sites Listed by UNESCO\" srcset=\"https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/image-62.jpeg 800w, https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/image-62-780x328.jpeg 780w, https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/image-62-768x323.jpeg 768w, https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/image-62-300x126.jpeg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The Persian Gardens, also known as Iranian Gardens, are a collection of exceptional garden designs and architectural features that reflect the ancient traditions and philosophies of Persian culture. These gardens have been recognized by UNESCO as a world heritage site due to their significant cultural value, historical importance, and unique characteristics.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The Persian Gardens are characterized by their intricate design, which is based on a series of principles that have been developed over centuries. These gardens typically feature four quadrants that are separated by water channels and pathways, with a central pavilion or water feature as the focal point. The gardens are often surrounded by walls or hedges to provide privacy and protection from the harsh climate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The Persian Gardens are more than just decorative spaces; they have served a variety of functions throughout history. They were designed as a place for relaxation and contemplation, as well as for social gatherings and official ceremonies. The gardens also had practical uses, such as providing a source of food and medicinal herbs.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The Persian Gardens date back to the 6th century BC, during the reign of the Achaemenid Empire. Over time, they became an integral part of Persian culture, and their design and features were refined and perfected by subsequent dynasties. The most famous Persian Gardens include the gardens of Pasargadae, Eram, Fin, <a class=\"wpil_keyword_link\" href=\"https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/chehel-sotoon-palace-in-isfahan\/\" title=\"Chehel Sotoun\" data-wpil-keyword-link=\"linked\">Chehel Sotoun<\/a>, and Shazdeh in Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The Persian Gardens are not only an important part of Persian culture but also a valuable contribution to the world\u2019s landscape design. They have influenced the design of gardens in many countries, including India, Spain, and Italy. The gardens have also inspired the creation of new styles, such as the Mughal Gardens in India.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The recognition of the Persian Gardens as a world heritage site by UNESCO highlights the importance of preserving and promoting the <a class=\"wpil_keyword_link\" href=\"https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/irans-intangible-cultural-heritage-registered-with-unesco\/\" title=\"Iran\u2019s Intangible Cultural Heritage Registered with UNESCO\" data-wpil-keyword-link=\"linked\" data-wpil-monitor-id=\"212423\">cultural heritage of Iran<\/a>. These gardens are not only a testament to the ancient traditions and skills of Persian craftsmen but also a source of inspiration for contemporary landscape architects and designers.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:50px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"22-the-persian-qanat\" class=\"index-title\"><\/div><h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-22-the-persian-nbsp-qanat\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"22-the-persian-qanat\"><\/span>22. The Persian&nbsp;Qanat<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"336\" src=\"https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/image-63.jpeg\" alt=\"Image\" class=\"wp-image-56048\" title=\"Iran World Heritage Sites Listed by UNESCO\" srcset=\"https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/image-63.jpeg 800w, https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/image-63-780x328.jpeg 780w, https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/image-63-768x323.jpeg 768w, https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/image-63-300x126.jpeg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a class=\"wpil_keyword_link\" href=\"https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/iran-travel-2026\/\" title=\"Why We Should Travel To \u2018Dangerous\u2019 Places\" data-wpil-keyword-link=\"linked\" data-wpil-monitor-id=\"4177\">The Persian Qanat<\/a> is an ingenious and ancient system of water management that has been utilized for over 3,000 years in Iran. Qanats are underground channels that tap into groundwater sources and transport water across great distances to the surface. They are a testament to the ingenuity and innovation of ancient Persian engineers, and continue to be used to this day for irrigation and domestic water supply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The <a href=\"https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/persian-qanat\/\">Qanat<\/a> system is so important to Iranian culture and history that it was inscribed on the UNESCO World Heritage list in 2016. The inscription recognized the outstanding universal value of the Qanats as a remarkable engineering achievement, as well as their contribution to the sustainable use of water resources in arid regions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Qanats were first developed in the arid regions of Iran during the Persian Achaemenid Empire (550\u2013330 BCE). Over the centuries, the technology spread across the Middle East, Central Asia, and North Africa, and was adapted to local conditions. In Iran alone, there are over 30,000 Qanats, with some still in use after 2,500 years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The construction of a Qanat is a complex and labor-intensive process that requires skilled workers and careful planning. A Qanat starts with the identification of a reliable groundwater source, usually a mountain aquifer. A shaft is then dug down to the water table and a tunnel is excavated horizontally to intersect the aquifer. The tunnel is then extended downhill to the surface, usually over several kilometers.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:50px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"23-trans-iranian-railway\" class=\"index-title\"><\/div><h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-23-trans-iranian-railway\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"23-trans-iranian-railway\"><\/span>23. Trans-Iranian Railway<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"336\" src=\"https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/image-64.jpeg\" alt=\"Image\" class=\"wp-image-56049\" title=\"Iran World Heritage Sites Listed by UNESCO\" srcset=\"https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/image-64.jpeg 800w, https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/image-64-780x328.jpeg 780w, https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/image-64-768x323.jpeg 768w, https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/image-64-300x126.jpeg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The <a class=\"wpil_keyword_link\" href=\"https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/the-most-scenic-routes-in-trans-iranian-railway\/\" title=\"The Most Scenic Routes in Trans-Iranian Railway\" data-wpil-keyword-link=\"linked\" data-wpil-monitor-id=\"5945\">Trans-Iranian Railway<\/a>, a remarkable feat of engineering, spans 1,394 kilometers, connecting the Persian Gulf in the southwest to the Caspian Sea in the northeast. Its construction, which began in 1927 and was completed in 1938, was a collaborative effort between the Iranian government and 43 construction contractors from various nations. Today, it is listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site due to its significance in the history of modern transportation and engineering.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The railway traverses two mountain ranges, rivers, highlands, forests, and plains, as well as four different climatic zones. Its construction was particularly challenging due to the rugged terrain, steep routes, and other obstacles, requiring extensive mountain cutting, the construction of 174 large bridges, 186 small bridges, and 224 tunnels, including 11 spiral tunnels. These engineering works are a testament to the skill and determination of the designers and builders who worked tirelessly to create this impressive infrastructure.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">What makes the Trans-Iranian Railway unique is its funding model. Unlike many railway projects of its time, it was funded by national taxes rather than foreign investment, allowing for greater control over the project\u2019s design and construction. This model helped ensure that the railway would serve Iran\u2019s national interests and contribute to the country\u2019s modernization efforts.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The railway\u2019s significance extends beyond its engineering accomplishments. It also played a vital role in shaping Iran\u2019s political and economic landscape during the 20th century. The railway facilitated trade and commerce, connecting Iran\u2019s major ports and industrial centers. It also facilitated the movement of people and goods, contributing to the growth of urban centers and the spread of modernization throughout the country.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:50px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"24-cultural-landscape-of-hawraman-uramanat\" class=\"index-title\"><\/div><h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-24-cultural-landscape-of-hawraman-uramanat\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"24-cultural-landscape-of-hawraman-uramanat\"><\/span>24. Cultural Landscape of Hawraman (Uramanat)<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"336\" src=\"https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/image-65.jpeg\" alt=\"Image\" class=\"wp-image-56050\" title=\"Iran World Heritage Sites Listed by UNESCO\" srcset=\"https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/image-65.jpeg 800w, https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/image-65-780x328.jpeg 780w, https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/image-65-768x323.jpeg 768w, https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/image-65-300x126.jpeg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The rugged terrain of the Hawraman\/Uramanat region in western Iran is a testament to the ancient culture of the Hawrami people, who have lived there since around 3000 BCE. This agropastoral Kurdish tribe has adapted to the challenging environment over thousands of years, developing unique features of their culture and way of life that are evident in the landscape.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The property comprises two valleys: the Central-Eastern Valley (Zhaverud and Takht, in Kurdistan Province) and the Western Valley (Lahun, in Kermanshah Province). The steep-slope planning and architecture, dry-stone terraced gardening, and seasonal vertical migration are among the distinctive features of the local culture and life of the semi-nomadic Hawrami people who dwell in lowlands and highlands during different seasons of each year.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Evidence of the Hawrami people\u2019s continuous presence in the area can be seen in the stone tools, caves, rock shelters, mounds, remnants of permanent and temporary settlement sites, workshops, cemeteries, roads, villages, castles, and more. The 12 villages included in the property illustrate the Hawrami people\u2019s evolving responses to the scarcity of productive land in their mountainous environment.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The Hawraman\/Uramanat region is also characterized by exceptional biodiversity and endemism, with a variety of plant and animal species found nowhere else on earth. The landscape is a stunning mix of mountains, valleys, forests, and rivers, making it a unique and important area for conservation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The property was added to the UNESCO World Heritage list in 2021, recognizing the exceptional cultural and natural value of the Hawraman\/Uramanat region. It provides a glimpse into the long history and rich cultural traditions of the Hawrami people, who have developed a unique way of life that has sustained them in the challenging environment of the Zagros Mountains for thousands of years. The designation also highlights the need for continued conservation efforts to preserve the exceptional biodiversity and endemism of the area.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:50px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"25-persian-caravanserai\" class=\"index-title\"><\/div><h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-25-persian-caravanserai\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"25-persian-caravanserai\"><\/span>25. Persian Caravanserai<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"336\" src=\"https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/image-66.jpeg\" alt=\"Image\" class=\"wp-image-56051\" title=\"Iran World Heritage Sites Listed by UNESCO\" srcset=\"https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/image-66.jpeg 800w, https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/image-66-780x328.jpeg 780w, https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/image-66-768x323.jpeg 768w, https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/image-66-300x126.jpeg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">As Iran historically is located between the main ancient civilizations, the historical roads are playing a critical role in Persian civilization. From the beginning of the history to the current time, the role of Iran as a bridge has encouraged the rulers and people to always care about roads and related structures as one of the main financial income resources. For example, Silk Roads is one of this long lasting corridors which played an important role in Persian Empire during the history. One of the famous Persian ancient road which known as Royal Road, during and after Achamenied period, which was connecting the main cities of Persian empire, there were several characteristic network of routes across the Iran that historically are well-known. The Silk Roads have connected civilizations and brought peoples and cultures into contact with each other from across the world for thousands of years, permitting not only an exchange of goods but an interaction of ideas and cultures that have shaped our world today. The historical roads have had several elements related to their functions. Bridges, Caravanserais, checkpoints, castles Bazaars and specifically caravanserais as a main element of historical road in Iran, were not only a simple place for travelers to rest and keeping safe their belongs, also were a meeting point for travelers, merchants, scientists, and many other scholars who wanted to exchange knowledge and ideas, as well as discover new civilizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The historic routes mostly were a network of trade routes across land and sea that spanned much of the globe from prehistoric times until the present day, along which people of many different cultures, religions and languages met, exchanged ideas and influenced each other.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The intactness, uniqueness and also the well adaptation with the environment using the vernacular material and technics, choosing the locations are the most significance of selected Caravanserais. From very simple one to the most luxury ones, Caravanserais are built for servicing to travelers and constructed in the middle of roads and far from any settlements. Although large numbers of the Caravanserais now a day are located in the cities and villages, but according to the studies, they were the start point of these settlements, cities and villages. it means that emerging of some cities and settlements beside the roads are because of Caravanserais.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:50px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"26-lut-desert\" class=\"index-title\"><\/div><h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-26-lut-desert\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"26-lut-desert\"><\/span>26. Lut Desert<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"336\" src=\"https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/image-67.jpeg\" alt=\"Image\" class=\"wp-image-56052\" title=\"Iran World Heritage Sites Listed by UNESCO\" srcset=\"https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/image-67.jpeg 800w, https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/image-67-780x328.jpeg 780w, https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/image-67-768x323.jpeg 768w, https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/image-67-300x126.jpeg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Strong seasonal winds shape the <a href=\"https:\/\/whc.unesco.org\/en\/list\/1505\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">UNESCO-listed Lut Desert<\/a> in southeastern Iran. They carve long ridges known locally as kaluts and carry sand into dune fields in the south and east.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Stony plains and the dark volcanic plateau of Gandom Beryan add to the variety of landforms.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">UNESCO reports a recorded land-surface temperature of 70.7\u00b0C within the property. This measures the ground itself. Air temperatures are measured separately.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The 2016 inscription recognizes the desert\u2019s natural features and ongoing geological processes, including wind erosion and deposition.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:50px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"27-caspian-hyrcanian-mixed-forests\" class=\"index-title\"><\/div><h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-27-caspian-hyrcanian-mixed-nbsp-forests\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"27-caspian-hyrcanian-mixed-forests\"><\/span>27. Caspian Hyrcanian Mixed&nbsp;Forests<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"336\" src=\"https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/image-68.jpeg\" alt=\"Image\" class=\"wp-image-56053\" title=\"Iran World Heritage Sites Listed by UNESCO\" srcset=\"https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/image-68.jpeg 800w, https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/image-68-780x328.jpeg 780w, https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/image-68-768x323.jpeg 768w, https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/image-68-300x126.jpeg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The <a href=\"https:\/\/whc.unesco.org\/en\/list\/1584\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Hyrcanian Forests<\/a> stretch along the southern Caspian. Iran\u2019s components were inscribed in 2019, and UNESCO extended the property into Azerbaijan in 2023. The inscription covers selected forest areas within the wider region.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Broadleaf trees include Persian ironwood. The forests provide habitat for leopards, brown bears and birds moving along the Caspian flyway.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The site is listed for its natural values, including the history of the forest ecosystem and its diversity of plants and animals.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The UNESCO listing gives a map of the inscribed components, which helps distinguish the protected property from the much larger forest belt.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:50px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"28-hegmataneh-ecbatana\" class=\"index-title\"><\/div><h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-28-hegmataneh-ecbatana\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"28-hegmataneh-ecbatana\"><\/span>28. Hegmataneh (Ecbatana)<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"336\" src=\"https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/Hegmataneh.jpg\" alt=\"Hegmataneh\" class=\"wp-image-82101\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/Hegmataneh.jpg 800w, https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/Hegmataneh-780x328.jpg 780w, https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/Hegmataneh-768x323.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/hegmataneh-listed-unesco\/\">Hegmataneh<\/a><\/strong>, also known as Ecbatana, stands as a testament to the rich and diverse history of Iran. <a href=\"https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/hegmataneh-listed-unesco\/\">Recognized as Iran&#8217;s 28th UNESCO World Heritage site<\/a>, Hegmataneh offers a glimpse into the past, showcasing the legacy of the Median Dynasty. Located in modern-day Hamadan, this ancient city was once the thriving capital of the Medes, and later served as a significant site for the Achaemenid and Parthian empires.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Hegmataneh&#8217;s historical importance is underscored by numerous references in ancient texts. Herodotus, the renowned Greek historian, described Ecbatana as a city with seven concentric walls, a marvel of both artistry and military engineering. The Nabonidus Chronicle, a Babylonian clay text, recounts how Cyrus the Great captured this illustrious city, highlighting its strategic and economic significance. Even the Old Testament mentions the Medes, further attesting to Hegmataneh&#8217;s role in shaping the ancient world.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The 46th UNESCO World Heritage Committee meeting has been a milestone event, adding Hegmataneh to the prestigious list of World Heritage sites. This recognition underscores the site&#8217;s historical and cultural significance, promising to enhance its global profile.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:50px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"29-the-prehistoric-sites-of-the-khorramabad-valley\" class=\"index-title\"><\/div><h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"29-the-prehistoric-sites-of-the-khorramabad-valley\"><\/span>29. The Prehistoric Sites of the Khorramabad Valley<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1000\" height=\"563\" src=\"https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/Yafteh-Cave.jpg\" alt=\"Yafteh Cave\" class=\"wp-image-88652\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/Yafteh-Cave.jpg 1000w, https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/Yafteh-Cave-780x439.jpg 780w, https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/Yafteh-Cave-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/Yafteh-Cave-390x220.jpg 390w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Khorramabad Valley Caves Earn UNESCO Status: 60,000 Years of Iranian Prehistory.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/prehistoric-khorramabad-valley-uniesco\/\">Prehistoric Sites of the Khorramabad Valley<\/a><\/strong> are a collection of archaeological sites located in Lorestan Province, western Iran, within the central Zagros Mountains. These sites represent one of the most continuous and well-documented records of human presence in Southwest Asia, covering a period from the Middle Paleolithic (approximately 60,000 years ago) to the Bronze Age. The area includes caves and rock shelters that provide important evidence of early human behavior, toolmaking, symbolic expression, and mortuary practices.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">On July 11, 2025, the sites were added to the UNESCO World Heritage List during the 47th session of the World Heritage Committee held in Paris. This designation marks the first time that a Paleolithic site in Iran has received such recognition, emphasizing its global archaeological significance.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The serial property comprises six major sites: <strong>Yafteh, Kaldar<\/strong>, <strong>Ghamari, Kunji<\/strong>, <strong>Gilvaran<\/strong>, and <strong>Gar Arjeneh<\/strong>. These locations reflect a wide range of cultural and environmental adaptations. Notably, Yafteh and Kaldar caves have yielded stratified archaeological deposits associated with both Neanderthals and early modern humans, contributing valuable data to the study of human evolution and dispersal.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The valley is considered a key corridor between <a class=\"wpil_keyword_link\" href=\"https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/mesopotamia\/\" title=\"Mesopotamia and Iranians: A Tale of Cultural Interactions\" data-wpil-keyword-link=\"linked\" data-wpil-monitor-id=\"780\">Mesopotamia<\/a> and the Iranian Plateau, offering insights into early migration and cultural exchange. Continued excavations and multidisciplinary studies have made Khorramabad an important case study for understanding long-term human-environment interactions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:50px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"30-alamut-castle-and-related-fortifications\" class=\"index-title\"><\/div><h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-30-alamut-castle-and-related-fortifications\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"30-alamut-castle-and-related-fortifications\"><\/span>30. Alam\u016bt Castle and Related Fortifications<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">UNESCO inscribed seven fortifications in the Alam\u016bt Valley in Qazvin Province in 2026. Alam\u016bt Castle stands on a rocky ridge and served as the headquarters of the Nizari Ismaili state founded by Hasan Sabbah in 1090. The other six components, including Lambesar and Il\u0101n, formed part of a defensive network across the valley. <a href=\"https:\/\/whc.unesco.org\/en\/decisions\/9172\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">The inscription decision<\/a> names all seven components.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"tentative-list-of-iran-world-heritage-sites-unesco\" class=\"index-title\"><\/div><h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-tentative-list-of-iran-world-heritage-sites-unesco\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"tentative-list-of-iran-world-heritage-sites-unesco\"><\/span>Tentative List of Iran World Heritage Sites (UNESCO)<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The <a href=\"https:\/\/whc.unesco.org\/en\/statesparties\/ir\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">UNESCO country page<\/a> also lists tentative nominations. A tentative entry identifies a place for possible nomination. Its scope can differ from a later inscription. The table below is a selection of tentative entries.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th>Name<\/th><th>Location<\/th><th>Date Added<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Serial Nomination of Tehran&#8217;s Modern Architectural Heritage<\/td><td>Tehran<\/td><td>24\/08\/2021<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Chega Sofla (Ritual Landscape of Chega Sofla)<\/td><td>Isfahan<\/td><td>24\/08\/2021<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Architecture of Historical Settlements Across the Northern Coasts of Persian Gulf<\/td><td>Various cities along the northern coasts<\/td><td>24\/08\/2021<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Cultural Landscape of Kong Historic Port<\/td><td><a class=\"wpil_keyword_link\" href=\"https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/destinations\/hormozgan\/\" title=\"Hormozgan\" data-wpil-keyword-link=\"linked\" data-wpil-monitor-id=\"211698\">Hormozgan<\/a><\/td><td>24\/08\/2021<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Long-lived Trees of Iran<\/td><td>Various locations across Iran<\/td><td>24\/08\/2021<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Sheikh Ahmad-e J\u0101m Khaneghah and Mausoleum Complex (Mazar-e J\u0101m)<\/td><td>Torbat-e Jam<\/td><td>24\/08\/2021<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Monastery of St. Amenaprkich (New Julfa Vank)<\/td><td>Isfahan<\/td><td>01\/02\/2019<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Vali-e Asr Street<\/td><td>Tehran<\/td><td>01\/02\/2019<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Asbads (Windmill) of Iran<\/td><td>Various locations across Iran<\/td><td>02\/02\/2017<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Natural-Historical Complex \/ Cave of Karaftoo<\/td><td>Iran&#8217;s Kurdistan<\/td><td>02\/02\/2017<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><a class=\"wpil_keyword_link\" href=\"https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/the-imam-reza-shrine\/\" title=\"The Imam Reza Shrine\" data-wpil-keyword-link=\"linked\" data-wpil-monitor-id=\"212420\">Imam Reza<\/a> Holy Complex<\/td><td>Mashhad<\/td><td>02\/02\/2017<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Industrial Heritage of Textile in the Central Plateau of Iran<\/td><td>Various cities in the Central Plateau<\/td><td>02\/02\/2017<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Salt Domes of Iran<\/td><td>Various locations across Iran<\/td><td>02\/02\/2017<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>The <a class=\"wpil_keyword_link\" href=\"https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/destinations\/gorgan\/\" title=\"Gorgan\" data-wpil-keyword-link=\"linked\" data-wpil-monitor-id=\"5939\">Great Wall of Gorgan<\/a><\/td><td>Gorgan<\/td><td>02\/02\/2017<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>The <a class=\"wpil_keyword_link\" href=\"https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/architecture-iran-traditional-houses\/\" title=\"Iran\u2019s Traditional Houses: The Beauty of Persian Architecture\" data-wpil-keyword-link=\"linked\" data-wpil-monitor-id=\"211696\">Persian House<\/a> in Central Plateau of Iran<\/td><td>Various cities in the Central Plateau<\/td><td>02\/02\/2017<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>University of Tehran<\/td><td>Tehran<\/td><td>02\/02\/2017<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Silk Route (Also as Silk Road)<\/td><td>Various cities along the Silk Route<\/td><td>05\/02\/2008<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>The Natural-Historical Landscape of Izeh<\/td><td>Izeh<\/td><td>05\/02\/2008<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>The Zandiyeh Ensemble of Fars Province<\/td><td>Shiraz<\/td><td>05\/02\/2008<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Kerman Historical-Cultural Structure<\/td><td>Kerman<\/td><td>05\/02\/2008<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>The Collection of Historical Bridges<\/td><td>Various cities with historical bridges<\/td><td>05\/02\/2008<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Touran Biosphere Reserve<\/td><td>Various locations within the reserve<\/td><td>05\/02\/2008<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Hamoun Lake<\/td><td>Sistan and Baluchestan Province<\/td><td>05\/02\/2008<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Harra Protected Area<\/td><td>Various locations within the area<\/td><td>05\/02\/2008<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><a class=\"wpil_keyword_link\" href=\"https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/mount-damavand-travel-guide\/\" title=\"Mount Damavand: Travel Guide and Climbing the Highest Peak in Iran\" data-wpil-keyword-link=\"linked\" data-wpil-monitor-id=\"211705\">Damavand<\/a><\/td><td>Damavand<\/td><td>05\/02\/2008<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Kuh-e Khuaja<\/td><td>Various locations<\/td><td>08\/09\/2007<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><a class=\"wpil_keyword_link\" href=\"https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/taq-e-bostan-kermanshah\/\" title=\"Taq-e Bostan, Kermanshah\" data-wpil-keyword-link=\"linked\" data-wpil-monitor-id=\"208960\">Taq-e Bostan<\/a><\/td><td>Kermanshah<\/td><td>09\/08\/2007<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Persepolis and Other Relevant Buildings<\/td><td>Shiraz<\/td><td>09\/08\/2007<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>The Historical-Cultural Axis of Fin, <a class=\"wpil_keyword_link\" href=\"https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/tepe-sialk\/\" title=\"Tepe Sialk: A Journey Through Millennia\" data-wpil-keyword-link=\"linked\" data-wpil-monitor-id=\"211695\">Sialk<\/a>, Kashan<\/td><td>Kashan<\/td><td>09\/08\/2007<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Historical Ensemble of Qasr-e Shirin<\/td><td>Qasr-e Shirin<\/td><td>09\/08\/2007<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Historic Monument of Kangavar<\/td><td>Kangavar<\/td><td>09\/08\/2007<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>The Historical City of Maybod<\/td><td>Maybod<\/td><td>09\/08\/2007<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>The Historical Port of <a class=\"wpil_keyword_link\" href=\"https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/siraf-cemetery-in-bushehr\/\" title=\"Siraf Cemetery in Bushehr: Ancient Iranian Heritage\" data-wpil-keyword-link=\"linked\" data-wpil-monitor-id=\"211697\">Siraf<\/a><\/td><td>Bandar-e Siraf, Bushehr<\/td><td>09\/08\/2007<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Bazaar of Qaisariye in Laar<\/td><td>Laar<\/td><td>09\/08\/2007<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>The Historical Village of <a class=\"wpil_keyword_link\" href=\"https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/abyaneh-village\/\" title=\"Abyaneh Village: Iran\u2019s Enchanting Red Village\" data-wpil-keyword-link=\"linked\" data-wpil-monitor-id=\"212991\">Abyaneh<\/a><\/td><td>Abyaneh<\/td><td>09\/08\/2007<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Bastam and Kharghan<\/td><td>Bastam and Kharghan<\/td><td>09\/08\/2007<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>The Historical Texture of Damghan<\/td><td>Damghan<\/td><td>09\/08\/2007<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>The Cultural-Natural Landscape of Ramsar<\/td><td>Ramsar<\/td><td>09\/08\/2007<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Kaboud Mosque<\/td><td>Tabriz<\/td><td>09\/08\/2007<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Tous Cultural Landscape<\/td><td>Tous (near Mashhad)<\/td><td>09\/08\/2007<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>The Historical City of <a href=\"https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/masouleh-travel-guide\/\" title=\"Masouleh\" data-wpil-monitor-id=\"157\">Masouleh<\/a><\/td><td>Masouleh<\/td><td>09\/08\/2007<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>The Complex of Izadkhast<\/td><td>Izadkhast<\/td><td>09\/08\/2007<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Cultural Landscape of Alamout<\/td><td>Alamout<\/td><td>09\/08\/2007<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Zozan<\/td><td>Various locations<\/td><td>09\/08\/2007<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Jiroft<\/td><td>Jiroft<\/td><td>09\/08\/2007<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Ghaznavi-Seljukian Axis in Khorasan<\/td><td>Various cities in Khorasan<\/td><td>09\/08\/2007<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><a class=\"wpil_keyword_link\" href=\"https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/qeshm-travel-guide\/\" title=\"Qeshm Island\" data-wpil-keyword-link=\"linked\" data-wpil-monitor-id=\"65\">Qeshm Island<\/a><\/td><td>Qeshm<\/td><td>09\/08\/2007<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Arasbaran Protected Area<\/td><td>Arasbaran<\/td><td>09\/08\/2007<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><a class=\"wpil_keyword_link\" href=\"https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/mount-sabalan\/\" title=\"Sabalan Mountain\" data-wpil-keyword-link=\"linked\" data-wpil-monitor-id=\"213493\">Sabalan<\/a><\/td><td>Sabalan<\/td><td>09\/08\/2007<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Khabr National Park and Ruchun Wildlife Refuge<\/td><td>Various locations within the parks<\/td><td>09\/08\/2007<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Alisadr Cave<\/td><td>Hamedan<\/td><td>09\/08\/2007<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Jame&#8217; (Congregational) Mosque of Esfahan<\/td><td>Isfahan<\/td><td>22\/05\/1997<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Historic Ensemble of Qasr-e Shirin<\/td><td>Qasr-e Shirin<\/td><td>22\/05\/1997<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Firuzabad Ensemble<\/td><td>Firuzabad<\/td><td>22\/05\/1997<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Shush<\/td><td>Shush<\/td><td>22\/05\/1997<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Nasqsh-e Rostam and Naqsh-e Rajab<\/td><td>Marvdasht (near Shiraz)<\/td><td>22\/05\/1997<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Tape Sialk<\/td><td>Kashan<\/td><td>22\/05\/1997<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Selected Entries on Iran\u2019s Tentative List<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:100px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-read-more\">Read More<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/iran-travel-guide\/\">Iran Travel Guide<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/iran-destinations\/\">Iran Tourist Destinations<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/persian-garden\/\">Persian Garden: A Symbol of Iranian Art and Architecture<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/iran-lut-desert\/\">Lut Desert (Dashte-e Lut) \u2013 The Hottest Place On Earth<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/top-off-the-beaten-path-destinations-in-iran\/\">16 Top Off the Beaten Path Destinations in Iran<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Discover full list of Iran World Heritage Sites by UNESCO, from ancient Persepolis to stunning Islamic architecture, with our comprehensive guide.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":64042,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1,15780,306,308,15715],"tags":[5354,15901],"class_list":["post-40945","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-tourism-iran","category-attractions","category-culture","category-destinations","category-to-see","tag-unesco","tag-unesco-site"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/Iran-World-Heritage-Sites-Listed-by-UNESCO.jpg","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/40945","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/7"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=40945"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/40945\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":203541,"href":"https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/40945\/revisions\/203541"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/64042"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=40945"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=40945"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=40945"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}