{"id":81998,"date":"2024-07-22T11:36:36","date_gmt":"2024-07-22T11:36:36","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/?p=81998"},"modified":"2026-01-18T14:31:36","modified_gmt":"2026-01-18T14:31:36","slug":"was-iran-colonized-in-contemporary-history","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/was-iran-colonized-in-contemporary-history\/","title":{"rendered":"Was Iran Colonized in Contemporary History?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><strong>Iran<\/strong>, through its geographical location and the historical richness of its natural resources, has always attracted the attention of global empires. In its modern history, Iran has been plagued with invasions and interventions by foreign powers. However, were such intrusions a reason to assert that Iran was or had been colonized? This article scrutinizes the same with the help of historical facts.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_82_2 counter-flat ez-toc-counter ez-toc-custom ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Contents<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"#\" data-href=\"https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/was-iran-colonized-in-contemporary-history\/#qajar-era-and-influence-of-russia-and-britain\" >Qajar Era and Influence of Russia and Britain<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"#\" data-href=\"https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/was-iran-colonized-in-contemporary-history\/#oil-discovery-and-britains-changing-approach\" >Oil Discovery and Britain\u2019s Changing Approach<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"#\" data-href=\"https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/was-iran-colonized-in-contemporary-history\/#constitutional-revolution-and-foreign-powers\" >Constitutional Revolution and Foreign Powers<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"#\" data-href=\"https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/was-iran-colonized-in-contemporary-history\/#world-war-i-and-the-1907-agreement\" >World War I and the 1907 Agreement<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"#\" data-href=\"https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/was-iran-colonized-in-contemporary-history\/#1953-coup-and-role-of-the-us-and-britain\" >1953 Coup and Role of the US and Britain<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"#\" data-href=\"https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/was-iran-colonized-in-contemporary-history\/#islamic-revolution-and-end-of-direct-interference\" >Islamic Revolution and End of Direct Interference<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"#\" data-href=\"https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/was-iran-colonized-in-contemporary-history\/#conclusion\" >Conclusion<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-qajar-era-and-influence-of-russia-and-britain\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"qajar-era-and-influence-of-russia-and-britain\"><\/span>Qajar Era and Influence of Russia and Britain<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"780\" height=\"417\" src=\"https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Iran-During-Qajar-Era-1.jpg\" alt=\"Iran During Qajar Era ()\" class=\"wp-image-82038\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Iran-During-Qajar-Era-1.jpg 780w, https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Iran-During-Qajar-Era-1-768x411.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 780px) 100vw, 780px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Qajar Dynasty Era (1789-1925) : <a class=\"wpil_keyword_link\" href=\"https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/best-time-to-visit-iran-tour\/\" title=\"When to Visit Iran: The Ultimate Guide to the Best Travel Seasons\" data-wpil-keyword-link=\"linked\" data-wpil-monitor-id=\"100419\">Tehran<\/a> (Iran) Cossack Brigade at Maydan-i Mashq (Shooting Square), c. 1850<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p>During the <strong>Qajar<\/strong> rule (1789-1925), the lot of Iran had fallen under both the influences of <strong>Russia<\/strong> and <strong>Britain<\/strong>. Examples of Russian influence include the <strong>Golestan Treaty<\/strong> of 1813 and the <strong>Turkmenchay Treaty<\/strong> of 1828, which resulted in major territorial losses for Iran. Britain, on the other hand, worked towards increasing its influence in southern Iran. Both these impacts made Iran a semi-colonial state, although it still retained national sovereignty.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-oil-discovery-and-britain-s-changing-approach\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"oil-discovery-and-britains-changing-approach\"><\/span>Oil Discovery and Britain\u2019s Changing Approach<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"780\" height=\"508\" src=\"https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Oil-Discovery-in-Khuzestan-for-The-First-Time-1.jpg\" alt=\"Oil Discovery in Khuzestan for The First Time\" class=\"wp-image-82042\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Oil-Discovery-in-Khuzestan-for-The-First-Time-1.jpg 780w, https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Oil-Discovery-in-Khuzestan-for-The-First-Time-1-768x500.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 780px) 100vw, 780px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Oil Discovery in Khuzestan for The First Time<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p>The early 20th century discovery of oil completely transformed <strong>Iran-Britain relations<\/strong>. In 1908 the <strong>Darcy Company<\/strong> found the first reserves of oil in <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/khuzestan-travel-guide\/\">Khuzestan<\/a><\/strong>, and as a result, Iran&#8217;s situation began to change from a buffer state between Russia and India to an important economic asset of Britain. Britain had an increased power in Iran that changed it from a buffer state into a semi-colonial.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:64px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center has-text-color has-small-font-size\" style=\"color:#1e0e7c;line-height:.9\"><strong>APPLY ONLINE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h6 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center has-text-color\" id=\"schedule-a-visit\" style=\"color:#1e0e7c;font-size:35px;font-style:normal;font-weight:700;line-height:1.15\">Iran Tourist visa<\/h6>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-horizontal is-content-justification-center is-layout-flex wp-container-core-buttons-is-layout-499968f5 wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button has-custom-width wp-block-button__width-50\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-text-color has-background wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/surfiran.com\/iran-tourist-visa\/\" style=\"border-radius:50px;color:#ffffff;background-color:#f94931\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-white-color\">Apply Now<\/mark><\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:64px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-constitutional-revolution-and-foreign-powers\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"constitutional-revolution-and-foreign-powers\"><\/span>Constitutional Revolution and Foreign Powers<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>The <strong>Constitutional Revolution<\/strong> (1905-1911) exposed the far-reaching powers of the foreigners on Iran. At this time, Britain was actively helping the demonstrators in their embassy. This furthering of interests is taking place by becoming a mediator between the government and the demonstrators. That was a clear sign of Iran&#8217;s subjugation to the foreign powers but still remained an independent country.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-world-war-i-and-the-1907-agreement\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"world-war-i-and-the-1907-agreement\"><\/span>World War I and the 1907 Agreement<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"780\" height=\"519\" src=\"https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Famine-in-Iran-during-World-War-I-1.jpg\" alt=\"Famine in Iran during World War I\" class=\"wp-image-82043\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Famine-in-Iran-during-World-War-I-1.jpg 780w, https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Famine-in-Iran-during-World-War-I-1-768x511.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 780px) 100vw, 780px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Famine in Iran during World War I<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p>This was the time when due to strategic positioning of the country, Iran had been under pressure during the <strong>First World War<\/strong>. In the 1907 Agreement between Britain and Russia, Iran was divided into three spheres of influence: the north and center under Russian control, the southeast under British control, and a neutral zone in between. Though this line marked the extent of influence of these superpowers, yet Iran was mentioned as an independent state.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-1953-coup-and-role-of-the-us-and-britain\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"1953-coup-and-role-of-the-us-and-britain\"><\/span>1953 Coup and Role of the US and Britain<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"780\" height=\"590\" src=\"https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Prime-Minister-Mossadegh-1.jpg\" alt=\"Prime Minister Mossadegh\" class=\"wp-image-82044\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Prime-Minister-Mossadegh-1.jpg 780w, https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Prime-Minister-Mossadegh-1-768x581.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 780px) 100vw, 780px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Prime Minister Mossadegh<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p>The 1953 coup against <strong>Prime Minister Mossadegh<\/strong>, openly backed by the U.S. and Britain, amounted to a turning point in Iran&#8217;s modern history. This event came to confirm foreign interference in Iran&#8217;s domestic affairs once and for all. Though at times change was forced through the head of government, still yet Iran remained a free country and not colonized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-islamic-revolution-and-end-of-direct-interference\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"islamic-revolution-and-end-of-direct-interference\"><\/span>Islamic Revolution and End of Direct Interference<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"780\" height=\"439\" src=\"https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/1979-Islamic-Revolution-in-Iran-1.jpg\" alt=\"1979 Islamic Revolution in Iran\" class=\"wp-image-82046\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/1979-Islamic-Revolution-in-Iran-1.jpg 780w, https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/1979-Islamic-Revolution-in-Iran-1-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/1979-Islamic-Revolution-in-Iran-1-390x220.jpg 390w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 780px) 100vw, 780px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">1979 Islamic Revolution in Iran<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p>The <strong>1979 Islamic Revolution<\/strong> removed direct foreign interference from Iran. It saw the overthrow of the <strong>Pahlavi<\/strong> regime and the establishment of the <strong>Islamic Republic<\/strong>, which eventually abolished long-term foreign influence and established the country&#8217;s independence. Ever since then, Iran has officially been recognized as an independent nation that rejected any form of direct foreign interference.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:10px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-media-text alignwide has-media-on-the-right is-stacked-on-mobile is-image-fill has-background\" style=\"background-color:#f94931\"><div class=\"wp-block-media-text__content\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-group\" style=\"padding-top:2em;padding-right:2em;padding-bottom:2em;padding-left:2em\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"has-white-color has-text-color\" style=\"font-size:25px;line-height:1.2\"><strong>Iran Tourist Card<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons has-custom-font-size has-small-font-size is-layout-flex wp-container-core-buttons-is-layout-8c8af59c wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button has-custom-font-size is-style-fill has-small-font-size\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-black-color has-white-background-color has-text-color has-background wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/orienttrips.com\/touristcard?utm_source=blog&amp;utm_medium=surfiranlink\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-black-color\">Click and explore<\/mark><\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><figure class=\"wp-block-media-text__media\" style=\"background-image:url(https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/OtCart.jpg);background-position:55% 0%\"><a href=\"https:\/\/orienttrips.com\/touristcard?utm_source=blog&amp;utm_medium=surfiranlink\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"900\" height=\"640\" src=\"https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/OtCart.jpg\" alt=\"Orienttrips Iran Tourist Card\" class=\"wp-image-62115 size-full\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/OtCart.jpg 900w, https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/OtCart-780x555.jpg 780w, https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/OtCart-768x546.jpg 768w, https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/OtCart-661x470.jpg 661w, https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/OtCart-300x213.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 900px) 100vw, 900px\" \/><\/a><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:30px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-conclusion\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"conclusion\"><\/span>Conclusion<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Reviewing <strong>Iran\u2019s contemporary history<\/strong>, it is evident that Iran was never truly colonized. Despite extensive foreign interventions and influences that imposed economic and political control, Iran maintained its status as an independent nation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Read More<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-yoast-seo-related-links yoast-seo-related-links\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/tehran-bazaar-grand\/\">Tehran Grand Bazaar<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/iran-travel-tours-uk-citizens\/\">Iran Tours for UK Citizens \u2013 British Citizen Travelling to Iran<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/travel-safety-in-iran-an-experience\/\">Travel Safety in Iran: Separating Myths from Facts<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/luxury-and-power-persia-to-greece-in-london\/\">Luxury and Power: Persia to Greece in London<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/heathrow-to-tehran\/\">Iran Air Travel Advances: Heathrow to Tehran<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n<div class=\"kk-star-ratings kksr-auto kksr-align-left kksr-valign-bottom\"\n    data-payload='{&quot;align&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;id&quot;:&quot;81998&quot;,&quot;slug&quot;:&quot;default&quot;,&quot;valign&quot;:&quot;bottom&quot;,&quot;ignore&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;reference&quot;:&quot;auto&quot;,&quot;class&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;count&quot;:&quot;17&quot;,&quot;legendonly&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;readonly&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;score&quot;:&quot;5&quot;,&quot;starsonly&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;best&quot;:&quot;5&quot;,&quot;gap&quot;:&quot;5&quot;,&quot;greet&quot;:&quot;Rate this post&quot;,&quot;legend&quot;:&quot;5\\\/5 - (17 votes)&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;16&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;Was Iran Colonized in Contemporary History?&quot;,&quot;width&quot;:&quot;102.5&quot;,&quot;_legend&quot;:&quot;{score}\\\/{best} - ({count} {votes})&quot;,&quot;font_factor&quot;:&quot;1.25&quot;}'>\n            \n<div class=\"kksr-stars\">\n    \n<div class=\"kksr-stars-inactive\">\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" data-star=\"1\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 16px; height: 16px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" data-star=\"2\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 16px; height: 16px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" data-star=\"3\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 16px; height: 16px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" data-star=\"4\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 16px; height: 16px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" data-star=\"5\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 16px; height: 16px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n    \n<div class=\"kksr-stars-active\" style=\"width: 102.5px;\">\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 16px; height: 16px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 16px; height: 16px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 16px; height: 16px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 16px; height: 16px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 16px; height: 16px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n                \n\n<div class=\"kksr-legend\" style=\"font-size: 12.8px;\">\n            5\/5 - (17 votes)    <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Iran\u2019s Contemporary History: Explore whether foreign invasions and interventions in modern Iran&#8217;s history constitute colonization. This article examines historical facts to address this question.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":82049,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1,16744],"tags":[16413,16044],"class_list":["post-81998","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-tourism-iran","category-history","tag-contemporary","tag-history"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Irans-Contemporary-History-1.jpg","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/81998","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/7"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=81998"}],"version-history":[{"count":6,"href":"https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/81998\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":129827,"href":"https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/81998\/revisions\/129827"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/82049"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=81998"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=81998"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/surfiran.com\/mag\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=81998"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}